diff --git a/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party.go b/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party.go
index 46358dc..0b3e4d3 100644
--- a/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party.go
+++ b/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party.go
@@ -64,6 +64,12 @@ func simulateParty(players []Combatant, enemy Combatant, phases []CombatPhase) P
 }
 
 func simulatePartyWithRNG(players []Combatant, enemy Combatant, phases []CombatPhase, rng *rand.Rand) PartyCombatResult {
+	// Party-only: bump the enemy's max HP so the fight lasts long enough for the
+	// scaled action economy to actually threaten each member. Solo is unchanged
+	// (scale 1.0), so SimulateCombat and the golden do not move.
+	if len(players) > 1 {
+		enemy.Stats.MaxHP = scaledEnemyMaxHP(enemy.Stats.MaxHP, len(players))
+	}
 	enemyStart := enemy.Stats.MaxHP
 	if enemy.Stats.StartHP > 0 && enemy.Stats.StartHP < enemy.Stats.MaxHP {
 		enemyStart = enemy.Stats.StartHP
@@ -289,6 +295,129 @@ func roundInitiative(st *combatState, enemy *Combatant, phase *CombatPhase) []in
 	return order
 }
 
+// enemyActionsThisRound is how many attack-actions the enemy takes this round
+// against the seated roster. Solo returns 1 without drawing from the RNG, so both
+// combat engines collapse to their pre-party behaviour and the characterization
+// golden and d8prereq corpus do not move.
+//
+// A party's action budget is a *fractional expectation* (partyActionExpectation),
+// realised as floor(exp) actions plus one more with probability frac(exp). The
+// fraction matters because the action lever is coarse: against a party of two, an
+// integer 2 actions is a 100% faceroll and 3 is brutal (~45%), with nothing
+// between — a per-round coin-flip for the extra action is the only way to land
+// the band in the gap. The single draw is taken only for a party, so the solo RNG
+// stream is untouched.
+func enemyActionsThisRound(st *combatState) int {
+	n := len(st.actors)
+	if n < 2 {
+		return 1
+	}
+	exp := partyActionExpectation(n)
+	base := int(exp)
+	if frac := exp - float64(base); frac > 0 && st.randFloat() < frac {
+		base++
+	}
+	return base
+}
+
+// partyActionExpectation is the expected number of enemy attack-actions per round
+// against a party of n. A single enemy swing (the pre-P8 behaviour) let each
+// member absorb ~1/N² of the solo incoming and cleared 100% of T5; the sim band
+// landed the martial-leader target only near ~2N actions, and HP alone can't touch
+// a martial (fighter stays at 100% even at enemy HP ×1.6). So the enemy's action
+// economy is the load-bearing lever, and it is fractional so a two-person party
+// lands between soloing and a trio instead of snapping to one of two integers
+// (against a duo, an integer 2 actions is a ~91% faceroll and 3 is a ~45% meat
+// grinder — 2.4 sits fighter+cleric at ~75%, between solo 70% and trio 90%).
+//
+// N≥3 follows 2N−1, the point that gave fighter ~90% / cleric-led ~72% at
+// HP ×1.15. The whole curve is monotonic by party size and never drops a
+// composition below its solo clear rate — bringing a friend is never a penalty.
+func partyActionExpectation(n int) float64 {
+	switch {
+	case n < 2:
+		return 1
+	case n == 2:
+		return 2.4
+	default:
+		return float64(2*n - 1)
+	}
+}
+
+// partyEnemyHPScale is the party-only multiplier on the enemy's max HP. Solo
+// (roster < 2) returns 1.0, so the solo path — and the characterization golden
+// and the d8prereq corpus — is byte-for-byte untouched. With the action economy
+// fixed, each member now takes ~1 swing a round, so a longer fight is more
+// cumulative exposure per member: HP became a live difficulty lever exactly the
+// way P6e predicted it would once the enemy stopped swinging only once.
+//
+// 1.15 is where the P8 sim sweep landed the band: with 2N−1 actions, a party of
+// three clears the T5 martial-leader band at ~89% (fighter) / ~67% (cleric-led),
+// clearly safer than soloing (70% / 27%) but with real TPKs and member deaths —
+// not the 100% faceroll a single enemy swing produced.
+func partyEnemyHPScale(rosterSize int) float64 {
+	if rosterSize < 2 {
+		return 1.0
+	}
+	return 1.15
+}
+
+// scaledEnemyMaxHP applies the party HP scalar to a base max-HP with one rounding
+// rule, so every call site (the auto-resolve engine, the party session's initial
+// persist, and the per-turn rebuild) agrees on the same number.
+func scaledEnemyMaxHP(baseMaxHP, rosterSize int) int {
+	return int(float64(baseMaxHP) * partyEnemyHPScale(rosterSize))
+}
+
+// enemyRoundSwings resolves the enemy's attacks for one round of the auto-resolve
+// engine. A solo roster takes exactly one swing at its single seat, reusing the
+// round's already-rolled target and pet procs, so its RNG stream and event log are
+// byte-for-byte the pre-P8 engine's. A party faces enemyActionsThisRound() swings,
+// each re-targeted at a random standing seat with that seat's own pet procs, so the
+// damage is spread across the roster instead of pinning the round's first target.
+//
+// abilityDealtDamage means a cleave/lifesteal already spent the enemy's first
+// action this round, so one fewer swing follows — for solo that collapses to the
+// old "the ability stands in for the attack" skip. Returns true if the fight is
+// decided.
+func enemyRoundSwings(st *combatState, enemy *Combatant, phase *CombatPhase, seats []CombatResult,
+	target int, abilityDealtDamage, petWhiff, petDeflect, sporeMiss bool) bool {
+
+	swings := enemyActionsThisRound(st)
+	reuseFirst := !abilityDealtDamage
+	if abilityDealtDamage {
+		swings--
+	}
+	for k := 0; k < swings; k++ {
+		tgt := target
+		sw, sd, sp := petWhiff, petDeflect, sporeMiss
+		if !(reuseFirst && k == 0) {
+			// A fresh target for every swing past the first: re-pick among the
+			// standing seats and roll that seat's own pet procs. This branch never
+			// runs for a solo roster, so it adds no draws to the solo stream.
+			var alive bool
+			if tgt, alive = enemyTargetSeat(st); !alive {
+				return combatOver(st)
+			}
+			st.seat(tgt)
+			sw = st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc > 0 && st.randFloat() < st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc
+			sd = st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc > 0 && st.randFloat() < st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc
+			if sd {
+				seats[tgt].PetDeflected = true
+			}
+			sp = st.sporeRounds > 0 && st.randFloat() < 0.15
+		}
+		st.seat(tgt)
+		mark := len(st.events)
+		over := resolveEnemyAttack(st, st.c, enemy, phase, &seats[tgt], sw, sd, sp)
+		stampEventSeats(st, mark, tgt)
+		if over && combatOver(st) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // simulatePartyRound runs one round for the whole roster. Returns true if the
 // fight is over.
 func simulatePartyRound(st *combatState, enemy *Combatant, phase *CombatPhase, seats []CombatResult) bool {
@@ -383,14 +512,7 @@ func simulatePartyRound(st *combatState, enemy *Combatant, phase *CombatPhase, s
 	// via Mods.InitiativeBias — +X means they go first more often.
 	for _, s := range roundInitiative(st, enemy, phase) {
 		if s == enemySeat {
-			if abilityDealtDamage {
-				continue
-			}
-			st.seat(target)
-			mark := len(st.events)
-			over := resolveEnemyAttack(st, st.c, enemy, phase, &seats[target], petWhiff, petDeflect, sporeMiss)
-			stampEventSeats(st, mark, target)
-			if over && combatOver(st) {
+			if enemyRoundSwings(st, enemy, phase, seats, target, abilityDealtDamage, petWhiff, petDeflect, sporeMiss) {
 				return true
 			}
 			continue
diff --git a/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party_test.go b/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party_test.go
index b55763b..42769a5 100644
--- a/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party_test.go
+++ b/internal/plugin/combat_engine_party_test.go
@@ -124,31 +124,89 @@ func TestSimulateParty_DownedMemberDoesNotEndTheFight(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// The enemy swings at one seat per round, not at everyone.
-func TestSimulateParty_EnemyStrikesOneSeatPerRound(t *testing.T) {
+// P8 scaling constants: solo is exempt on both levers (1 action, ×1.0 HP) so the
+// characterization golden and the d8prereq corpus are untouched. A party's action
+// budget is a fractional expectation — 2.4 for a duo (so it lands between soloing
+// and a trio, where an integer 2 vs 3 has no room), 2N−1 for N≥3 — plus ×1.15
+// enemy HP.
+func TestP8PartyScaling_SoloExemptPartyScaled(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := partyActionExpectation(1); got != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("solo action expectation = %v, want 1", got)
+	}
+	if got := partyEnemyHPScale(1); got != 1.0 {
+		t.Fatalf("solo HP scale = %v, want 1.0", got)
+	}
+	if got := scaledEnemyMaxHP(200, 1); got != 200 {
+		t.Fatalf("solo enemy HP = %d, want 200 (unscaled)", got)
+	}
+	if got := partyActionExpectation(2); got != 2.4 {
+		t.Fatalf("duo action expectation = %v, want 2.4", got)
+	}
+	for n := 3; n <= 5; n++ {
+		if got, want := partyActionExpectation(n), float64(2*n-1); got != want {
+			t.Fatalf("party of %d: action expectation = %v, want %v", n, got, want)
+		}
+	}
+	if got := partyEnemyHPScale(3); got != 1.15 {
+		t.Fatalf("party HP scale = %v, want 1.15", got)
+	}
+	// int(200*1.15) truncates 229.99… to 229; the 1-HP floor is immaterial.
+	if got := scaledEnemyMaxHP(200, 3); got != 229 {
+		t.Fatalf("party enemy HP = %d, want 229 (trunc 200*1.15)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// P8: the enemy's action economy scales with the roster. A party of N faces up to
+// N attack-actions a round, each re-targeted, so the enemy's damage spreads across
+// the roster instead of pinning one seat — the 1/N² exposure that made P6e's party
+// a 100%-clear faceroll. Solo stays at exactly one swing a round, the pre-party
+// behaviour the characterization golden pins.
+func TestSimulateParty_EnemyActionEconomyScalesWithRoster(t *testing.T) {
+	enemyRollsPerRound := func(res PartyCombatResult) map[int]int {
+		perRound := map[int]int{}
+		for _, e := range res.Events {
+			if e.Actor == "enemy" && e.Roll > 0 {
+				perRound[e.Round]++
+			}
+		}
+		return perRound
+	}
+
+	// Solo: never more than one enemy swing in a round.
+	soloTank := baseEnemy()
+	soloTank.Stats.MaxHP = 5000
+	solo := simulatePartyWithRNG(
+		[]Combatant{basePlayer()}, soloTank, dungeonCombatPhases, seededRNG(23))
+	if len(enemyRollsPerRound(solo)) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("solo: the enemy never attacked")
+	}
+	for round, n := range enemyRollsPerRound(solo) {
+		if n > 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("solo round %d: enemy swung %d times, want at most 1", round, n)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Party of 3: no round exceeds the roster's action budget, and at least one
+	// round sees more than one swing — the enemy is really taking extra actions.
 	tank := baseEnemy()
 	tank.Stats.MaxHP = 5000
-
-	res := simulatePartyWithRNG(
+	party := simulatePartyWithRNG(
 		[]Combatant{basePlayer(), basePlayer(), basePlayer()}, tank, dungeonCombatPhases, seededRNG(23))
-
-	perRound := map[int]map[int]bool{}
-	for _, e := range res.Events {
-		if e.Actor != "enemy" || e.Roll == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-		if perRound[e.Round] == nil {
-			perRound[e.Round] = map[int]bool{}
-		}
-		perRound[e.Round][e.Seat] = true
+	budget := int(partyActionExpectation(3))
+	if partyActionExpectation(3) > float64(budget) {
+		budget++ // ceil: the coin-flip round can add one action
 	}
-	if len(perRound) == 0 {
-		t.Fatal("the enemy never attacked")
-	}
-	for round, seats := range perRound {
-		if len(seats) != 1 {
-			t.Fatalf("round %d: enemy attack rolls landed on %d seats, want 1", round, len(seats))
+	sawMulti := false
+	for round, n := range enemyRollsPerRound(party) {
+		if n > budget {
+			t.Fatalf("party round %d: enemy swung %d times, over the %d-action budget", round, n, budget)
 		}
+		if n > 1 {
+			sawMulti = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !sawMulti {
+		t.Fatal("a party of 3 never faced more than one enemy swing in a round — action economy did not scale")
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/plugin/combat_session.go b/internal/plugin/combat_session.go
index 45eab45..827ab29 100644
--- a/internal/plugin/combat_session.go
+++ b/internal/plugin/combat_session.go
@@ -488,7 +488,10 @@ func (p *AdventurePlugin) startPartyCombatSession(
 	if len(seats) == 0 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("start combat session: empty roster")
 	}
-	enemyHP := enemy.Stats.MaxHP
+	// Party-only enemy HP bump (solo roster scales by 1.0). The per-turn rebuild
+	// in partyCombatantsForSession applies the identical scalar to the enemy's
+	// Stats.MaxHP, so the persisted current HP and the rebuilt max never drift.
+	enemyHP := scaledEnemyMaxHP(enemy.Stats.MaxHP, len(seats))
 	owner := seats[0]
 	sess, err := startCombatSession(owner.UserID, runID, encounterID, enemyID,
 		owner.HP, owner.HPMax, enemyHP, enemyHP)
diff --git a/internal/plugin/combat_session_build.go b/internal/plugin/combat_session_build.go
index a9ad9c8..d23d3e8 100644
--- a/internal/plugin/combat_session_build.go
+++ b/internal/plugin/combat_session_build.go
@@ -176,6 +176,12 @@ func (p *AdventurePlugin) partyCombatantsForSession(sess *CombatSession) ([]*Com
 			// rebuilds the identical stat block, so seat 0's copy is the fight's.
 			// Only the *player* half of the build varies by seat.
 			enemy = e
+			// Party-only enemy HP bump, re-derived each turn from the template so
+			// it never compounds. Matches the scalar startPartyCombatSession used
+			// for the initial persist; solo (roster 1) scales by 1.0.
+			if sess.IsParty() {
+				enemy.Stats.MaxHP = scaledEnemyMaxHP(enemy.Stats.MaxHP, sess.RosterSize())
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return players, &enemy, nil
diff --git a/internal/plugin/combat_turn_engine.go b/internal/plugin/combat_turn_engine.go
index 7c0214c..139287d 100644
--- a/internal/plugin/combat_turn_engine.go
+++ b/internal/plugin/combat_turn_engine.go
@@ -414,10 +414,11 @@ func (te *turnEngine) step(action PlayerAction) ([]CombatEvent, error) {
 		te.stepPlayerTurn(action)
 		te.stampSeat(0, acting)
 	case CombatPhaseEnemyTurn:
+		// stepEnemyTurn self-stamps each attack-action to the seat it targeted: a
+		// party's enemy re-targets across the roster within one turn, so there is
+		// no single seat the whole phase lands on. Solo stamps seat 0 throughout,
+		// exactly as the old blanket stamp did.
 		te.stepEnemyTurn()
-		// stepEnemyTurn seats its target before anything resolves, and the whole
-		// phase lands on that one character.
-		te.stampSeat(0, te.st.seatIdx)
 	case CombatPhaseRoundEnd:
 		te.stepRoundEnd()
 	case CombatPhaseOver:
@@ -615,34 +616,39 @@ func (te *turnEngine) stepEnemyTurn() {
 		return
 	}
 	te.st.seat(target)
-	// A control spell cast last phase forfeits the enemy's attack this round —
-	// unless the enemy is fear_immune, in which case the control fizzled and it
-	// acts as normal.
+	// A control spell cast last phase forfeits the enemy's whole turn (every
+	// attack-action) this round — unless the enemy is fear_immune, in which case
+	// the control fizzled and it acts as normal.
 	if te.st.enemySkipFirst {
 		te.st.enemySkipFirst = false
+		mark := len(te.st.events)
 		if enemyImmuneToControl(te.enemy, te.st) {
 			te.st.events = append(te.st.events, CombatEvent{
 				Round: te.st.round, Phase: turnCombatPhase.Name, Actor: "enemy", Action: "fear_resist",
 				PlayerHP: te.st.playerHP, EnemyHP: te.st.enemyHP,
 			})
+			te.stampSeat(mark, target)
 		} else {
 			te.st.events = append(te.st.events, CombatEvent{
 				Round: te.st.round, Phase: turnCombatPhase.Name, Actor: "enemy", Action: "spell_held",
 				PlayerHP: te.st.playerHP, EnemyHP: te.st.enemyHP,
 			})
+			te.stampSeat(mark, target)
 			te.advance()
 			return
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Monster ability fires at the top of the enemy turn. cleave / lifesteal
-	// resolve their own damage and stand in for the attack action this round;
-	// every other effect (poison / stun / enrage / armor_break) is a rider that
-	// leaves the multiattack below intact. applyAbility returns true when the
-	// player went down without a save.
+	// Monster ability fires once, at the top of the enemy turn, against the
+	// initial target. cleave / lifesteal resolve their own damage and stand in
+	// for the enemy's first attack-action this round; every other effect (poison
+	// / stun / enrage / armor_break) is a rider that leaves the multiattack below
+	// intact. applyAbility returns true when the player went down without a save.
 	abilityDealtDamage := false
 	if te.enemy.Ability != nil && turnAbilityFires(te.enemy.Ability, te.st, te.enemy) {
+		mark := len(te.st.events)
 		if applyAbility(te.st, te.st.c, te.enemy, &turnCombatPhase, te.result) {
+			te.stampSeat(mark, target)
 			// The target went down without a save. The fight only ends if it
 			// took the last member with it; otherwise the enemy has spent its
 			// turn on that kill.
@@ -653,57 +659,94 @@ func (te *turnEngine) stepEnemyTurn() {
 			}
 			return
 		}
+		te.stampSeat(mark, target)
 		switch te.enemy.Ability.Effect {
 		case "cleave", "lifesteal":
 			abilityDealtDamage = true
 		}
 	}
 
-	if !abilityDealtDamage {
-		// Pet defensive procs are a single proc per enemy turn: roll once, then
-		// spend it on the first swing only. Whiff makes that one swing a
-		// guaranteed miss; deflect halves its damage. Against a multiattack the
-		// remaining swings resolve normally — a single proc shouldn't nullify a
-		// boss's whole multiattack round. (This deliberately diverges from the
-		// auto-resolve engine's apply-to-all model.)
-		petWhiff := te.st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc > 0 && te.st.randFloat() < te.st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc
-		petDeflect := te.st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc > 0 && te.st.randFloat() < te.st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc
-		if petDeflect {
-			te.result.PetDeflected = true
-		}
-
-		// SRD multiattack: each profile entry is one attack roll resolved
-		// through the shared primitive. A registered elite/boss swings its full
-		// profile; everyone else gets a single attack from the template stats.
-		// resolveEnemyAttack returns true when the fight is decided — either the
-		// player went down without a death save, or a reflect consumable killed
-		// the enemy. Disambiguate by inspecting HP.
-		for i, atk := range enemyAttackProfile(te.sess.EnemyID, te.enemy.Stats) {
-			swing := *te.enemy
-			swing.Stats.Attack = atk.Damage
-			swing.Stats.AttackBonus = atk.AttackBonus
-			// Spend the proc on the first swing only; later swings see false.
-			swingWhiff := petWhiff && i == 0
-			swingDeflect := petDeflect && i == 0
-			decided := resolveEnemyAttack(te.st, te.st.c, &swing, &turnCombatPhase, te.result, swingWhiff, swingDeflect, false)
-			if te.st.playerHP <= 0 {
-				// The target is down. The enemy stops swinging at a corpse; the
-				// fight ends only if the roster is empty.
-				if !te.st.anyAlive() {
-					te.finish(CombatStatusLost)
-					return
-				}
-				break
-			}
-			if decided || te.st.enemyHP <= 0 {
-				te.finish(CombatStatusWon)
+	// The enemy takes enemyActionsThisRound() attack-actions, each its full
+	// SRD multiattack, re-targeting a fresh standing seat per action so a party's
+	// damage is spread across the roster rather than pinning the first target.
+	// A solo roster is exactly one action against its one seat — no re-target is
+	// drawn — so its event stream and RNG draws are unchanged. When the ability
+	// already dealt damage it was the first action, so one fewer follows; for solo
+	// that collapses to the old "the ability stood in for the attack" skip.
+	actions := enemyActionsThisRound(te.st)
+	reuseFirstTarget := !abilityDealtDamage
+	if abilityDealtDamage {
+		actions--
+	}
+	for a := 0; a < actions; a++ {
+		if !(reuseFirstTarget && a == 0) {
+			tgt, alive := te.enemyTarget()
+			if !alive {
+				te.finish(CombatStatusLost)
 				return
 			}
+			te.st.seat(tgt)
+			target = tgt
+		}
+		if te.enemyAttackAction(target) {
+			return
 		}
 	}
 	te.advance()
 }
 
+// enemyAttackAction resolves one enemy attack-action — the full SRD multiattack
+// profile — against the seat the cursor already points at, and stamps every event
+// it emits to that seat (the party's enemy re-targets across the roster within one
+// turn, so the whole-turn blanket stamp in step() no longer holds). Registered
+// elites/bosses swing their full profile; everyone else gets a single attack from
+// the template stats.
+//
+// Returns true only when it decided the fight (te.finish has already been called),
+// so the caller ends the enemy turn. It returns false when the target dropped but
+// the roster is still alive — this action is over, and the caller re-targets the
+// next one.
+func (te *turnEngine) enemyAttackAction(seat int) (finished bool) {
+	mark := len(te.st.events)
+	// Pet defensive procs are a single proc per attack-action: roll once, then
+	// spend on the first swing only. Whiff makes that one swing a guaranteed miss;
+	// deflect halves its damage. Against a multiattack the remaining swings resolve
+	// normally — a single proc shouldn't nullify a boss's whole multiattack.
+	// (This deliberately diverges from the auto-resolve engine's apply-to-all.)
+	petWhiff := te.st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc > 0 && te.st.randFloat() < te.st.c.Mods.PetWhiffProc
+	petDeflect := te.st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc > 0 && te.st.randFloat() < te.st.c.Mods.PetDeflectProc
+	if petDeflect {
+		te.result.PetDeflected = true
+	}
+
+	for i, atk := range enemyAttackProfile(te.sess.EnemyID, te.enemy.Stats) {
+		swing := *te.enemy
+		swing.Stats.Attack = atk.Damage
+		swing.Stats.AttackBonus = atk.AttackBonus
+		swingWhiff := petWhiff && i == 0
+		swingDeflect := petDeflect && i == 0
+		decided := resolveEnemyAttack(te.st, te.st.c, &swing, &turnCombatPhase, te.result, swingWhiff, swingDeflect, false)
+		if te.st.playerHP <= 0 {
+			te.stampSeat(mark, seat)
+			// The target is down. The enemy stops swinging at a corpse; the fight
+			// ends only if the roster is empty, otherwise this action is over and
+			// the caller re-targets.
+			if !te.st.anyAlive() {
+				te.finish(CombatStatusLost)
+				return true
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+		if decided || te.st.enemyHP <= 0 {
+			te.stampSeat(mark, seat)
+			te.finish(CombatStatusWon)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	te.stampSeat(mark, seat)
+	return false
+}
+
 // turnAbilityFires decides whether a monster ability triggers this enemy turn.
 // The auto-resolve engine gates abilities on its named phase clock (Opening /
 // Clash / Decisive); the turn-based duel has no phase clock, so the phase tag